The management of human resource dates back to the old eras. The advent of the industrial revolution made it more significant and gradually its importance is being recognized worldwide. Human Resource is a very essential part of anorganization. The greatest challenge to an organization is to manage its human resource and be able to capitalize it to its optimum level. Humans make up the workforce but a separate department is required to monitor them, deal with their problems and help them grow within the organization.

The Human Resource Department (HRD) focuses on the overall growth and development of an organization. It holds responsibility to help the organization fulfill its goal in the best way possible. Initially in most organizations HRD consisted of a group of generalists who collaborated and worked towards one goal as a whole, taking the organization to greater heights by managing people but gradually with the realization of a real need to systematically manage people, the goal remains the same thus attaining it is done in a more efficient manner. It is the employees who run and represent the organization and the real need is to have them skilled and educated. Every service or a product is the result of the effort of the human mind and so to have a better output dealing with the human mind in a significant manner is very vital. The HRD nowadays has acquired an organizational structure with specialists working in different fields making the goal more effectively attainable. The key functions of the human resource department are recruitment, training, performance appraisal, workplace communication, conflict management and motivating the employees. Recruiting the right kind of people is the organizations first priority.HRD comes up with strategies to hire people; they set criteria’s for specific positions and plan the process of recruitment. To sharpen the skills of the employees they constantly plan the provision of required trainings. The HRD team also assesses the performance of each employee, makes them realize their potential and motivates them towards improvement. Given the diverse nature of the work force, variations in ideas and opinions definitely occur. All organizations face inevitable conflict and HRD plays a major role in resolving them.It efficiently manages the disputes and helps in creating a healthy working atmosphere.

Nepal may not be in pace with other developing countries in terms of its human resource management but has definitely come a long way. The HRD in many organizations have evolved as an independent unit while earlier it was combined with the administrative branch of the office.  Organizations irrespective of their sizes have a human resource department and apart from that there are many independent human resource consultancies that offer great services to organizations. It is a very popular subject amongst the youngsters especially the female population and very impressively most HR departments are headed by women. It is a very challenging task dealing with diverse personalities, their aspirations and their grievances within an organization. Nepal on its journey towards development requires effective management of its resources and better policies but first it requires human resource to be celebrated as the greatest from of asset.